{"id":3653,"date":"2010-02-08T17:36:40","date_gmt":"2010-02-08T09:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihower.tw\/blog\/?p=3653"},"modified":"2011-04-09T01:55:43","modified_gmt":"2011-04-08T17:55:43","slug":"rails3-beta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihower.tw\/blog\/3653-rails3-beta","title":{"rendered":"Rails3 Beta \u767c\u4f48: \u91cd\u9ede\u5c0e\u89bd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Update(2010\/2\/22): The Rails 3 Upgrade Handbook<\/a> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8cb7\u4f86\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e Merb \u548c Rails \u6c7a\u5b9a\u5408\u4f75<\/a>\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u904e\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u7d42\u65bc\u767c\u4f48 Beta<\/a> \u7248\u5566\u3002Rails3 \u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u5c31\u662f\u7e3d\u67b6\u69cb\u5e2b Yehuda Katz<\/a> \u4e86\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u628a Rails core \u7ffb\u4e86\u597d\u5e7e\u7ffb\uff0c\u5fb9\u5e95\u6539\u982d\u63db\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

Why? \u6211\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u60f3\u7684\uff0cDHH \u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u958b\u767c Rails \u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0cRuby \u793e\u7fa4\u9084\u4e0d\u50cf\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u9ebc\u767c\u9054\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f88\u591a\u4e8b\u60c5\u5fc5\u9808\u81ea\u5df1\u9020(\u9023 prototype<\/a> \u90fd\u662f\u70ba\u4e86 Rails \u800c\u9020\u7684)\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u9054\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u8a2d\u5b9a\u8ddf\u5feb\u901f\u958b\u767c\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5f97\u5305\u5c71\u5305\u6d77\u4ec0\u9ebc\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u8981\u505a\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86 Rails core \u5176\u5be6\u7d81\u5f97\u5f88\u7dca\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6574\u5305\u7d66\u4f60\u3002\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u64f4\u5145\u5b83\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808 monkeypatch \u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5c0d\u600e\u6a23\u7684 Ruby \u7a0b\u5f0f\u662f\u597d\u7a0b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u4eba\u60f3\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Rails core \u5145\u6eff\u4e86 alias_method_chain\uff0c\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u73fe\u5728\u4e5f\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6bd4\u8f03\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

Rails3 \u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u4e0d\u540c\u4e86\uff0cRuby \u793e\u7fa4\u8d77\u4f86\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6709\u6a19\u6e96\u7684 Rack<\/a> \u4ecb\u9762\u3001\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684ORM\u751a\u81f3\u662f NoSQL \u7684\u5132\u5b58\u5eab\u3001\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e0d\u540c JS Libary\u3001\u6211\u5011\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6e2c\u8a66\u65b9\u5f0f RSpec<\/a>\u3001\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u73fe\u6210\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u9020\u7684\u65b0\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u3002Rails3 \u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u9ebc\u4e00\u500b\u63a5\u8fd1\u6539\u6389\u91cd\u5beb\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ee5\u91cd\u69cb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u9054\u6210\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u517c\u5bb9\u4e26\u84c4\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff1a\u5c07 API \u91cd\u65b0\u91d0\u6e05\u3001\u5fb9\u5e95\u6a21\u7d44\u5316\u3001\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\u5ea6\u5143\u4ef6\u3001\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u6607\u6548\u80fd\u7b49\u3002\u5177\u9ad4\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u6210\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 Ruby 1.8.7 \u6216 Ruby 1.9.2<\/h3>\n

1.9 \u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u7d42\u65bc\u8981\u4f86\u81e8\u4e86 :) \u53ef\u4ee5\u8907\u7fd2\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u53bb\u5e74\u6f14\u8b1b\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u7247<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

Dependencies \u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u672c\u4f86\u7684 config.gem \u63db\u6210\u65b0\u7684 Bundler<\/a> \u4f86\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7528\u5230\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u7684 Gemfiles \u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u7684 config.gem sucks \u554f\u984c\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u9650\u3002\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u771f\u7684\u505a\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4f9d\u9760\u7cfb\u7d71 gems\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u9019\u7bc7 Bundle me some Rails<\/a> \u548c Using Bundler in Real Life<\/a> \u793a\u7bc4 Bundle \u7684\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u7684 Routes<\/h3>\n

\u7531\u65bc\u5168\u9762\u5c0e\u5165 Rack \u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u7684 Route \u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u500b Rack middleware\uff0c\u5be6\u4f5c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f rack-mount<\/a>\u3002\u65b0\u7684 Route \u7b2c\u4e00\u773c\u770b\u5230\u5c31\u662f API \u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u9019\u7bc7 Revamped Routes in Rails 3<\/a> \u548c The Lowdown on Routes in Rails 3<\/a>\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u9019\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6700\u53b2\u5bb3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u53c3\u6578 :to \u63a5\u7684\u7aef\u9ede\u5176\u5be6\u662f rack \u7aef\u9ede\uff0c\u800c main#home \u662f MainController.action(:home) \u7684\u7c21\u5beb( \u662f\u7684!! Rails3 \u4e2d\u6bcf\u500b Controller actions \u5168\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6a19\u6e96\u7684 Rack app!! \u8d85\u9177!!)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b Yehuda \u7684\u5be6\u4f5c\u8aaa\u660e<\/a>\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u662f Rack \u7aef\u9ede\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d66\u5b83\u63a5\u5176\u4ed6 Rack app\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Sinatra\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u7bc7\u5c31\u793a\u7bc4\u4e86\u600e\u9ebc\u63a5 Rails 3 Routing with Rack<\/a>\uff0c\u771f\u662f\u8d85\u7d1a\u7c21\u55ae\u554a\u3002\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u9810\u671f\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u7684 Rack middlewares<\/a> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8207 Rails \u7d50\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728 Routes \u5c64\u76f4\u63a5\u8fa6\u5230 redirect \u548c render template\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b Yehuda \u7684\u5be6\u4f5c\u8aaa\u660e\uff1aGeneric Actions in Rails 3<\/a>\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u7c21\u55ae\u7684 Rack middleware\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u7684 Active Model<\/h3>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u9054\u5230\u8207\u4e0d\u540c ORM \u929c\u63a5\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0cRails3 \u7684 ActiveModel \u5c07\u672c\u4f86\u7684 ActiveRecord \u7684\u500b\u5225\u529f\u80fd\u62bd\u51fa\u4f86\u6210\u70ba Module\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 callbacks, validations, serialization, observing, dirty tracking \u7b49\u3002\u4efb\u4f55 Class \u53ea\u8981\u7b26\u5408 ActiveModel \u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u5e7e\u500b API\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a include \u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7684 Module\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8207 Rails3 \u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4e86\u3002\u8acb\u53c3\u95b1 ActiveModel: Make Any Ruby Object Feel Like ActiveRecord<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d Validation \u6709\u65b0\u7684 API\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u95b1 validates :rails_3, :awesome => true<\/a><\/p>\n

ActiveRecord<\/h3>\n

\u90a3 ActiveRecord \u672c\u8eab\u5462? \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 ARel<\/a> \u9019\u5957 SQL \u7522\u751f\u5de5\u5177(why Arel?<\/a>)\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63a1\u7528 “method chain” \u7684\u4e32\u63a5\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u8b93\u6bcf\u500b\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86 scope\u3002<\/p>\n

ActiveRecord \u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684 API: Active Record Query Interface 3.0<\/a><\/p>\n

ActionController<\/h3>\n

Responder \u5e36\u4f86\u4e86 respond_with\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u5316 controller \u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u6cd5\u53c3\u8003 Cleaner RESTful Controllers w\/ respond_with<\/a>\u3001Default RESTful Rendering<\/a> \u548c Three reasons to love ActionController::Responder<\/a> \u9019\u5e7e\u7bc7\u3002\u9019\u5de5\u5177\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u751a\u81f3\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u500b plugin respond_methods<\/a> \u4f86\u8b93 Rails 2.x \u652f\u63f4\u9019\u500b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u65b0\u7684 Render \u5be6\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4f60\u8f15\u6613\u64f4\u5c55\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u7bc7 Render Options in Rails 3<\/a> \u793a\u7bc4\u4e86\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\u51fa\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 render :pdf\u3002<\/p>\n

ActionView<\/h3>\n

\u5e7e\u500b\u5927\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff1a <\/p>\n

1. \u63a1\u7528 Erubis<\/a> \u5be6\u4f5c
\n2. \u9810\u8a2d XSS protection \u6253\u958b\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7528\u5fd8\u8a18\u52a0\u4e0a h \u9038\u51fa\u4e86\u3002\u8acb\u53c3\u8003 SafeBuffers and Rails 3.0<\/a> \u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7d30\u7bc0
\n3. \u5c07\u6240\u6709 JavaScript helpers \u6539\u6210 unobtrusive\u3002\u4f60\u6703\u767c\u73fe Rails3 \u7684 public\/javascripts \u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u500b rails.js\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b JS driver\uff0c\u9810\u8a2d\u662f\u63a5 prototype.js\uff0c\u8981\u63db\u6210 jQuery \u975e\u5e38\u7c21\u55ae\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7528 jQuery \u7248\u672c\u7684 rails.js<\/a> \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b Ajax Helper \u5c31\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\uff0c\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8a71\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 prototype_legacy_helper<\/a> plugin \u627e\u56de\u4f86\u3002
\n4. Helpers \u9810\u8a2d\u8f38\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u662f HTML 5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8aaa\u5230 HTML5\uff0c\u6211\u53e6\u5916\u63a8\u85a6\u9019\u4efd\u95b1\u8b80\u6750\u6599 Dive into HTML5<\/a> \u4ee5\u53ca HTML 5 Demos and Examples<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

ActionMailer<\/h3>\n

\u9996\u5148\u5e95\u5c64\u63db\u6210 Mail<\/a> \u9019\u5957\u5de5\u5177\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c3\u8003\u9019\u7bc7\u4ecb\u7d39<\/a>\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u53d7\u76ca\u65bc Controller \u7684\u91cd\u69cb\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u65b0\u7684 ActionMailer \u7d42\u65bc\u548c Controller \u7e7c\u627f\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u500b AbstractController\uff0c\u8b93 ActionMailer \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u589e\u52a0\u4e0d\u5c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u5927\u5927\u7684 DRY \u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u7684 API \u8acb\u53c3\u8003 New ActionMailer API in Rails 3.0<\/a><\/p>\n

\u6700\u5f8c\u5b83\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6539\u653e\u5728 app\/mailers \u4e86\uff0c\u653e\u5728 app\/models \u4e0b\u5be6\u5728\u8b93\u4eba\u641e\u6df7\u554a\u3002<\/p>\n

ActiveSupport<\/h3>\n

\u4e4b\u524d\u7684 ActiveSupport \u6709\u500b\u8a0e\u53ad\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u8981\u7528\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7e\u500b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f88\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u641e\u61c2\u5230\u5e95\u8981 require \u54ea\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u53ea\u597d\u901a\u901a\u8f09\u5165\u4ee5\u6c42\u4fdd\u96aa\u3002\u65b0\u7684 Rails3 \u628a\u9019\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u8f09\u5165\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

Rails Application object<\/h3>\n

\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u4e00\u500b Process \u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u591a\u500b Rails app\uff0cRails3 \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u500b Rails Application \u7269\u4ef6\u4f86\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u6574\u500b Application \u7684\u6240\u6709\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u4f86\u7684 config\/environment.rb \u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u642c\u5230 config\/application.rb \u4e86\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cRack \u7684\u6a19\u6e96 config.ru \u6a94\u6848\u4e5f\u88ab\u52a0\u5230\u4e86\u6839\u76ee\u9304\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u7279\u5225\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4f60\u7684 Application \u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u662f\u8ddf\u5176\u4ed6 Application \u4e92\u52d5\u6642\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u540d\u7a31\uff0c\u9810\u8a2d\u662f\u76ee\u9304\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u7684 Rails Module<\/h3>\n

\u5e7e\u500b\u5e38\u6578\u88ab\u62ff\u6389\u4e86\uff0cRAILS_ROOT \u8981\u6539\u7528 Rails.root\u3001RAILS_ENV \u8981\u6539\u7528 Rails.env\u3001RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER \u8981\u6539\u7528 Rails.logger \u7b49\uff0c\u8a73\u7d30\u8acb\u53c3\u95b1\u9019\u7bc7 The Rails Module (in Rails 3)<\/a>\u3002\u6539\u6210\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u597d\u8655\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u5b57\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u7684 rails \u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

\u672c\u4f86\u7684 script\/* \u6307\u4ee4\u5168\u90e8\u62ff\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u90fd\u6539\u6210\u7528 rails\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 script\/console \u8b8a\u6210 rails console (\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u5beb\u6210 rails c)\u3001script\/generate \u8b8a\u6210 rails generate (\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u5beb\u6210 rails g)\u3001script\/server \u8b8a\u6210 rails server(\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u5beb\u6210 rails s)\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 rails –help \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u8aaa\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63a8\u85a6\u95b1\u8b80<\/h3>\n

Rails3 \u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u8cc7\u6599\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u7684 Rails 3.0: Release Notes<\/a> \u662f\u5fc5\u8b80\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5f9e\u5347\u7d1a\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u5207\u5165\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u5347\u7d1a Plugin rails-upgrade is now an official plugin<\/a>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u4f60 1. \u6aa2\u67e5\u9700\u8981\u5347\u7d1a\u7684\u5730\u65b9 2. \u7522\u751f Gemfile 3. \u7522\u751f\u65b0\u7684 routes.rb\u3002\u8acb\u642d\u914d\u9019\u7bc7 The Path to Rails 3: Approaching the upgrade<\/a> \u670d\u7528\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u55ef\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u9084\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u5728 Production \u74b0\u5883\u4e0a\u5347\u7d1a\u6bd4\u8f03\u597d\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u5f88\u591a Plugin \u9084\u6c92\u8ddf\u4e0a\u4f86\u54e9 (\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b Is Your Plugin Ready For Rails 3?<\/a> \u548c Rails Wiki<\/a> \u6709\u6574\u7406\u54ea\u4e9b Plugins OK \u4e86)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5f9e\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u59cb\u6703\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b The Path to Rails 3: Greenfielding new apps with the Rails 3 beta<\/a> \u9019\u7bc7\u3002\u5341\u5206\u5efa\u8b70\u4f60\u6709\u7a7a\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u958b\u59cb\u73a9\u73a9\u770b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u591a\u4e86\u89e3 Rails \u7684\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u6709\u5e7e\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n